Wednesday, 8 October 2025

Active and Passive Voice

As an English learner or speaker, understanding active and passive voice is essential for effective communication. On the basis of form, there are two types of voice: active voice and passive voice.

Understanding Active and Passive Voice

Active Voice: In active sentences, the subject is the one performing the action.
- Example: The cow (Subject) is eating (Verb) grass (Object).
Passive Voice: In passive sentences, the subject is acted upon by the verb, meaning the subject is no longer active.
- Example: Grass (Subject) is being eaten (Verb) by the cow (Object).

Rules for Conversion

To change an active voice sentence to passive voice, you must follow some basic rules

Find SVO: First, find the Subject, Verb, and Object (SVO) in the active sentence
Object to Subject: Convert the object of the active sentence into the subject of the passive sentence.
Use Helping Verb: Use a suitable helping verb or auxiliary verb according to the tense (even if a helping verb is already given in the active voice).
- Note: The helping verb used must agree with the new subject (the original object).
$3^{r d}$ Form of Verb: Convert the main verb into its past participle ( $3^{r d}$ ) form.
Use "by": Use the preposition "by".
Subject to Object: Convert the original subject into the object of the passive sentence.

Note on Pronouns: When changing the object to the subject, a pronoun of the object case (like me, her, them) converts to a nominative case (like I, she, they). Conversely, when changing the subject to the object, a nominative case pronoun (like I, she, they) converts to an object case preceded by "by" (like by me, by her, by them).

Tense	Passive Voice Structure	Active Voice Example	Passive Voice Example
Simple Present Tense	is/am/are + 3rd verb	He lights the candle.	The candle is lighted by him.
Present Continuous Tense	is/am/are + being + 3rd verb	I am driving a car.	A car is being driven by me.
Present Perfect Tense	has/have + been + 3rd verb	She has stolen my book.	My book has been stolen by her.
Simple Past Tense	was/were + 3rd verb	She finished work.	Work was finished by her.
Past Continuous Tense	was/were + being + 3rd verb	He was revising his books.	His books were being revised by him.
Past Perfect Tense	had + been + 3rd verb	I had completed the assignment.	The assignment had been completed by me.
Simple Future Tense	will/shall + be + 3rd verb	My uncle will pay my tuition fee.	My tuition fee will be paid by my uncle.
Future Perfect Tense	will/shall + have been + 3rd verb	We shall have done our home-work.	Our home -work shall have been done by us.

Tenses Not Changed in Passive Form:

Note that Present perfect continuous tense, Past perfect continuous tense, Future continuous tense, and Future perfect continuous tense generally use the same sentence structure in passive voice and therefore cannot be changed into a passive form

Modal	Auxiliary Verb in Passive Voice	Active Voice Example	Passive Voice Example
Can/Could	Can/Could + be + 3rd verb	I can solve these sums.	These sums can be solved by me.
Has to/Have to	Has to/Have to + be + 3rd verb	He has to complete his assignment.	His assignment has to be completed by him.
Must	Must + be + 3rd verb	You must learn this book.	This book must be learnt by you.
May	May + be + 3rd verb	I may buy the book.	The book may be bought by me.
Might	Might + be + 3rd verb	They might play chess.	Chess might be played by them.
Should	Should + be + 3rd verb	Students should learn all lessons.	All lessons should be learnt by students.

Active to Passive Voice Practice Sentences

Simple Tenses

He buys a new car. (Simple Present)
She taught the students history. (Simple Past)
My uncle will pay my tuition fee. (Simple Future)

Continuous Tenses

I am driving a car. (Present Continuous)
He was revising his books. (Past Continuous)

Perfect Tenses

She has stolen my book. (Present Perfect)
I had completed the assignment. (Past Perfect)
We shall have done our home-work. (Future Perfect)

Solve your answers in comment box and get the score.

Tuesday, 7 October 2025

Programme to Ensure Self-Regulation and Health 2.6

Programme to Ensure Self-Regulation and Health

“Discipline is choosing between what you want now and what you want most.” — Abraham Lincoln

Good health doesn’t come from medicine alone—it’s a reflection of how well the Self cares for the Body. The Self’s responsibility is to nurture, protect, and rightly use the Body.

The Programme for Self-Regulation and Health

Source- Image genration- Chat Gpt

1. Nurturing the Body

Intake: Eat nutritious food, drink clean water, breathe fresh air, and get sunlight.
Routine: Follow a consistent schedule—sleep, hygiene, meals, and exercise.

2. Movement and Exercise

Physical Labour: Engage in active work; it keeps the body alive and alert.
Exercise: When natural activity is limited, replace it with structured workouts or yoga.

3. Internal Harmony

Coordination: Keep your posture and movements balanced.
Breathing: Practice calm, rhythmic breathing—it refreshes both Self and Body.

4. Medicine and Treatment

Medicine: Assist the body’s recovery naturally when ill.
Treatment: Seek medical help when self-care isn’t enough—wisdom is not neglect.

The Four-Point Program for Self-Regulation and Health

This program outlines the steps the Self must take to ensure the proper nurturing, protection, and right utilization of the Body, leading to a state of Sanyam (Self-Regulation) and Svasthya (Health).

Program Point	Specific Components	Action / Key Focus
1. Nurturing the Body	Intake	Providing high-quality physical requirements (nutritious food, clean water, fresh air, sunlight).
	Routine	Maintaining a consistent, disciplined schedule (regular sleep, hygiene, meals, and planned activity).
2. Movement and Exercise	Physical Labour	Engaging in natural, active work that keeps the body fit, alert, and healthy.
	Exercise	Structured, planned workouts (like yoga or gym time) to substitute for lack of natural labour.
3. Internal Harmony	Coordination	Ensuring all bodily systems and organs work together in balance through correct posture and movement.
	Breathing	Practicing calm, rhythmic breathing techniques to align the vital life force and calm the Self.
4. Medicine and Treatment	Medicine	Using appropriate medication to assist the body's natural recovery processes when imbalance occurs.
	Treatment	Seeking professional medical intervention (therapy, surgery, etc.) when self-care measures are insufficient.

🛡️ Protection and Right Use

Protection: Provide safe shelter, clothing, and cleanliness.
Right Use: Use the Body to fulfill meaningful goals—creative work, kindness, learning.

Easy Explanation - Watch the Video

Key Takeaway

True health is not the absence of disease—it’s the presence of balance. When the Self lovingly regulates the Body, we achieve long-term wellness, clarity, and contentment.

Bringing the Self and the Body Together 2.5

Bringing the Self and the Body Together

“Take care of your body. It’s the only place you have to live.” — Jim Rohn

Your Body is a masterpiece of natural engineering, but it’s the Self that runs the show. The key to wellbeing lies in harmony between these two parts.

Source of Image Genration- Chat Gpt

Self and Body: A Team Effort

The Self directs and decides.
The Body acts and responds.

The Self is responsible for taking care of the Body through:

Nurturing: Feeding it right, resting, and breathing deeply.
Protection: Maintaining hygiene and safety.
Right Use: Using the Body for good purposes—learning, creating, helping, not just indulging.

Self-Regulation and Health

Self-Regulation (Sanyam): The feeling of responsibility to care for the Body.
Health (Svasthya): When the Body responds positively to that care.

These two go hand-in-hand. A disciplined, aware mind leads to a healthy, balanced body.

Common Mistake

We often identify only with the Body—chasing pleasure, comfort, and looks. But health is more than fitness; it’s about inner harmony.

Examples

Nurture: Eat balanced meals, stay hydrated, rest well.
Protect: Stay clean, dress appropriately, avoid harm.
Right Use: Move with purpose—through yoga, mindful exercise, or meaningful work.

Key Takeaway

Harmony between Self and Body creates both physical health and inner peace. Care for your Body with awareness, and it will serve you faithfully.

Definitions

Self-Regulation (Sanyam): The feeling of responsibility within the Self to nurture, protect, and rightly use the Body.

Health (Svasthya): The natural state when the Body functions in harmony under the guidance of the Self.

Nurturing: Providing the Body with essential care—balanced food, rest, and exercise.

Protection: Ensuring safety and hygiene of the Body.

Right Use: Using the Body for purposeful, meaningful activities aligned with human value

True or False - Solve it

The Self is a physical entity that controls the Body.

The Body can achieve real happiness without the Self.

Sanyam helps maintain harmony between the Self and the Body.

Health is only about being free from illness.

Caring for the Body with awareness leads to well-being.

Understanding Harmony within the Self 2.4.

Understanding Harmony within the Self

“You can’t control the waves, but you can learn to surf.” — Jon Kabat-Zinn

Every person wants to live with continuous happiness and peace. But the question is—how do we actually achieve that?
The answer lies in creating harmony within the Self—that is, aligning our thoughts, desires, and expectations with what we truly accept as right.

The Three Activities of the Self

Image Generation Source- Chat GPT

The Self constantly performs three inner activities:

Desire (Imaging): “What do I want to be?”
Example: “I want to be kind.”
Thought (Analyzing): “How can I fulfill it?”
Example: “Should I help my friend or not?”
Expectation (Selecting): “What should I choose to do?”
Example: “I choose to help—it feels right.”

When these three work together with understanding, we experience peace. When they clash, confusion and stress show up.

Imagination and Inner Harmony

Our imagination is like a movie constantly playing inside our mind—it includes our desires, thoughts, and expectations.
Harmony happens when what we imagine (what I am) matches what we naturally accept (what I want to be).
When they disagree—boom—inner chaos begins.

Sources of Imagination

Preconditioning: Things we believe because society told us so.
Sensation: Reactions to what we see, hear, taste, or feel.
Natural Acceptance: Our inner voice of truth.

When guided by preconditioning or sensation, we become slaves to trends. When guided by natural acceptance, we gain self-control and peace.

Dynamics of Sanskar

Think of Sanskar as your inner programming—built from your imagination and understanding.
Healthy Sanskar develops through reflection, awareness, and honest living.
Unchecked Sanskar leads to confusion, conflict, and moral dilemmas.
Sanskar refers to the accumulated imagination (past desires, thoughts, and expectations) combined with our Right Understanding.
It acts like a mental blueprint or groove that shapes our future thoughts and behavior.
The dynamics of Sanskar describe how these mental impressions change or get reinforced over time.
This dynamic process is represented by the formula:
Sanskar=Sanskar(t)+Environment(t)+Self-exploration(t)

Image Generation Source- Chat GPT

When your desires, thoughts, and expectations are aligned with your inner truth—not social pressure—you experience true harmony.

The direction of your Sanskar (whether toward harmony or confusion) depends on Self-exploration. If you actively reflect and verify your imagination, your Sanskar becomes clearer and healthier. If you ignore reflection, your Sanskar is simply reinforced by external environmental influences and trends.

The Body as an Instrument of the Self-2.3.

The Body as an Instrument of the Self

“The body is the vehicle of the soul, not the master of it.”

We often confuse who we are with what we have. We say “I’m tired,” when in truth, it’s our body that needs rest — not our Self, the conscious “I” that thinks, feels, and decides. The Self is the driver, and the Body is the car. Without the driver, the car goes nowhere; without the car, the driver can’t move forward. Harmony begins when we understand this partnership.

Who’s in Charge — the Self or the Body?

Both are essential, but they play very different roles.

The Self is aware and conscious — it seeks happiness and meaning.
The Body is material — it performs actions like eating, walking, or writing.
When you decide to smile, it’s the Self that chooses, and the Body that follows orders.

(Image Generation Source: Chat GPT)

The Body: A Tool, Not the Boss

The Self uses the Body as an instrument to express its intentions. It directs the Body to:

Nurture: Feed it properly and let it rest.
Protect: Keep it safe from harm.
Use rightly: Employ it for good purposes — learning, creating, serving, and caring.

But problems arise when this balance flips. When the Body dominates the Self, we start chasing pleasure, comfort, and appearance, while neglecting understanding, peace, and purpose.

The Self as the Seer, Doer, and Enjoyer

Seer: Observes and understands reality.
Doer: Makes choices and decisions.
Enjoyer: Experiences happiness, sorrow, satisfaction, or guilt.

The Body, however, only executes — it cannot feel or decide. Your hand doesn’t feel insulted; you do. Your mouth doesn’t choose kindness; you do.

Real-Life Reflection

Think of studying for an exam.

The Self decides to learn.
The Body sits, reads, and writes.
If your mind wanders or your motivation fades, the Body cannot continue productively — it depends on the Self’s direction.

That’s why a peaceful Self leads to a healthy Body, but not always the other way around.

The Self vs. The Body: Their Roles and Functions

Feature	The Self (The Driver / Commander)	The Body (The Tool / Instrument)
Primary Role	The Controller and Decision-Maker; seeks happiness and purpose.	The Executive and Performer; executes actions and movements.
Nature	Aware and Conscious. It is the source of will, peace, and understanding.	Material. It is composed of matter (flesh, bone, nerves).
Key Functions	Seer (Observes and understands reality). Doer (Makes choices and decisions). Enjoyer (Experiences feelings like joy, guilt, satisfaction).	Executes tasks like eating, walking, writing, and smiling. It carries out the Self's orders.
Source of Feelings	All feelings (insult, joy, sorrow, motivation) originate here.	Cannot feel or decide; it only provides physical sensations (like pain or hunger).
Correct Balance	The Self directs the Body (e.g., Self decides to be kind; Body speaks the words).	The Body is nurtured, protected, and used rightly by the Self.
Imbalance (The Problem)	Neglected when focus shifts to external comfort.	Dominates when the Self only chases pleasure, comfort, and physical appearance.
Real-Life Example	The Self decides to sacrifice comfort to study for an exam.	The Body sits, reads, and writes according to the Self's direction.

Source- You Tube

Key Insight

Harmony is not about ignoring the Body — it’s about leading it wisely.
Treat your Body as your best tool, not your boss. Care for it, protect it, and guide it with purpose. When the Self and Body work together, life feels balanced, healthy, and truly happy.

Would you like me to turn this into a student-friendly blog + mini activity section (e.g., “Reflect and Respond” or “Quick Challenge”)? It’ll make it classroom-ready

Monday, 6 October 2025

Universal Human Values: What Are Values, Morals, and Ethics?

Introduction

No matter where we live or what language we speak, there’s something that unites us all — our shared human values. Whether you’re in India, Japan, or Brazil, honesty feels right, and cruelty feels wrong. These common principles form the foundation of peaceful coexistence and a meaningful life.

What Are Values, Morals, and Ethics?

(Image generation Source: Chat Gpt 3:0)

Term	Meaning	Example
Values	The principles we live by — what matters most to us.	Honesty, kindness, respect
Morals	Our personal sense of right and wrong, often shaped by culture or religion.	Helping someone in need
Ethics	Rules or standards that guide professional or group behavior.	Doctors maintaining confidentiality, engineers ensuring safety

If you value honesty, your moral is “lying is wrong,” and your ethical action is “I won’t cheat on my exam.”

The Basis for Common Human Values

Natural Acceptance — Deep down, we all prefer honesty over deceit, respect over insult. Our conscience naturally aligns with what’s right.
Harmony in Existence — The world thrives on balance — between humans, nature, and the universe. When we live by universal values, we become part of that harmony.
Universal Acceptance — Values like love, justice, and trust are respected in every culture. They aren’t Indian, American, or Japanese — they’re human.

(Image generation Source: Chat Gpt 3:0)

Why These Values Matter

Level	How Values Help
Individual	Brings peace of mind and self-respect.
Family	Strengthens love, trust, and understanding.
Society	Builds cooperation and fairness.
Nature	Inspires care and environmental balance.

(Image generation Source: Canva)

Examples of Universal Values

Value	Meaning	Example
Trust	Believing in others	Relying on a friend’s word
Respect	Treating others with dignity	Listening to others’ opinions
Affection	Showing warmth and care	Helping a classmate
Honesty	Being truthful	Admitting a mistake
Justice	Being fair and impartial	Not cheating in exams
Gratitude	Being thankful	Thanking those who support you
Love	Deep care for others	Caring for your family

How Values, Morals, and Ethics Work Together

Values tell us what we believe in.
Morals tell us why it’s right or wrong.
Ethics tell us how to act on it in the real world.

Together, they form the invisible compass that guides every ethical human being.

Reflection Time

Which value do you personally hold most dear — and why?
How do your actions at school or work reflect your morals?
Can you think of a moment when you acted ethically even when no one was watching?

Video on Fundamental Human Values:

Listen to underand

Class Challenge

Post one short story or real-life example on the class blog showing any two universal values in action — creativity and sincerity will earn bonus points!