We use the Past Perfect Continuous Tense to talk about an action that was happening for some time before another past action.
It shows the duration of something that continued up to a certain point in the past.
Formula:
Subject + had been + verb + ing
(“Had been” is used for all subjects.)
ðĄ Examples:
I had been studying for two hours before dinner.
She had been working at the company for five years before she left.
They had been waiting for the bus when it finally arrived.
We had been living in Delhi before moving to Pune.
Common Time Words:
before
until
since
for
Practice Exercises
A. Fill in the blanks using the Past Perfect Continuous form of the verb in brackets.
I ______ (wait) for you for an hour before you came.
She ______ (work) hard before she got the promotion.
They ______ (not sleep) well for many days.
We ______ (study) since morning when the power went out.
How long ______ you ______ (live) there before you moved?
B. Write 3 sentences of your own using the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
We use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense to talk about an action that started in the past and is still continuing — or has just stopped but we can see the result.
Formula:
Subject + has/have + been + verb + ing
ð Has been → with he, she, it, singular nouns
ð Have been → with I, we, you, they, plural nouns
Examples:
I have been studying English for two hours.
She has been working here since 2020.
They have been waiting for the bus since morning.
You have been improving a lot these days!
Common Time Words:
since
for
all day / all week
lately / recently
✍️ Practice Exercises
A. Fill in the blanks using the Present Perfect Continuous form of the verb in brackets.
I ______ (wait) for you since 9 o’clock.
She ______ (work) on her project all day.
We ______ (not study) regularly this week.
They ______ (play) football for two hours.
______ you ______ (sleep) well lately?
B. Write 3 sentences of your own using the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
We use the Past Continuous Tense to talk about an action that was happening at a particular time in the past.
It describes what was going on before something else happened.
Formula:
Subject + was/were + verb + ing
ð Was → with I, he, she, it, singular nouns
ð Were → with we, you, they, plural nouns
Examples:
I was reading a book at 8 p.m. last night.
She was cooking dinner when I called.
They were playing cricket yesterday evening.
You were not listening to me!
Common Time Words:
while
when
at that time
yesterday evening / last night
Practice Exercises
A. Fill in the blanks using the Past Continuous form of the verb in brackets.
I ______ (watch) TV when the lights went off.
They ______ (play) football at 6 p.m. yesterday.
She ______ (not sleep) when I entered the room.
We ______ (travel) to Goa last summer.
What ______ you ______ (do) at 9 o’clock last night?
B. Write 3 sentences of your own using the Past Continuous Tense.
We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about actions that happened sometime before now — the exact time is not important.
It also shows a connection between the past and the present.
Formula:
Subject + has/have + past participle (V3)
ð “Has” is used with he, she, it, and singular nouns.
ð “Have” is used with I, we, you, they, and plural nouns.
Examples:
I have finished my homework.
She has visited Delhi many times.
They have just eaten lunch.
We have lived here for five years.
Common Time Words:
already
just
yet
ever / never
since / for
recently
Practice Exercises
A. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
I ______ (see) that movie before.
She ______ (not complete) her project yet.
We ______ (live) in this city since 2018.
They ______ (just arrive) from the airport.
______ you ever ______ (try) sushi?
B. Write 3 sentences of your own using the Present Perfect Tense.
Imagine a world where every person wakes up with peace of mind, every family lives without fear or conflict, and every society thrives in harmony with nature. That’s not a utopian dream—it’s the Vision of the Universal Human Order.
This vision aims for a world built on happiness, prosperity, and mutual harmony, where human beings live with understanding rather than competition. It begins not in the government or the economy—but right at home, in the family.
The Foundation: The Family
Every human being is born into a family, and that’s where values, understanding, and care first develop. The family is the basic unit of human order—it teaches us trust, respect, affection, and cooperation.
A family becomes truly harmonious when its members:
Develop right understanding and right feelings for one another.
Participate in productive work to ensure collective prosperity.
Encourage each other to contribute to society through their skills and service.
When families live with this clarity and commitment, they form the seed of a just and peaceful world.
From Family to World Family: The Expanding Circles of Harmony
The Universal Human Order doesn’t stop at one family. It expands step-by-step, like ripples in water:
Family Order – Where understanding, prosperity, and care begin.
Family Cluster (Neighbourhood) Order – Where families cooperate for common needs like education, safety, and health.
Village or Community Order – Where people coordinate on larger goals such as local governance and resource sharing.
Nation Order – Where collective values and justice systems are established for fairness and growth.
World Family Order – Where all nations coexist peacefully, respecting human dignity and natural balance.
Each level supports the other—what begins as family harmony grows into global harmony.
Natural Outcomes of Right Understanding
When right understanding becomes a way of life, these outcomes naturally follow:
Happiness – When we live with right feelings and peace within ourselves. Prosperity – When our physical needs are met through meaningful, ethical work. Sustainability – When we use nature’s resources wisely and preserve them for the future. Trust & Coexistence – When we treat every human being as part of one large family.
This creates a self-sustaining system where everyone’s well-being supports everyone else’s.
Source- You Tube
My Role in Creating Harmony
Big visions are achieved through small, consistent actions. Every individual can contribute by:
1. Ensuring Happiness:
Cultivate understanding and compassion within the family.
Communicate with honesty and respect.
2. Ensuring Health:
Care for your own body and support the health of others.
Avoid habits that harm self or society.
3. Ensuring Prosperity:
Work productively and share resources responsibly.
Avoid waste and encourage sustainable practices.
4. Social Engagement:
Participate in community well-being activities.
Be the person who spreads harmony, not hostility.
Remember, harmony in the world begins with harmony in you.
What Does a Happy and Fearless Society Look Like?
A society rooted in the Universal Human Order would be:
Fearless: because relationships are based on trust, not threat.
Prosperous: because everyone’s needs are met through cooperation, not competition.
Peaceful: because people act out of understanding, not ego or greed.
Sustainable: because human beings live in balance with nature.
In short, it’s a world where every human being lives with purpose, dignity, and joy.
Key Takeaways
The Universal Human Order starts with right understanding in the individual and family.
It extends outward to form harmonious communities, nations, and ultimately, a world family.
Real progress isn’t measured by wealth or technology, but by happiness, trust, and sustainability.
Each one of us plays a part in shaping that world—beginning with our thoughts, actions, and relationships.
In essence:
A peaceful world isn’t built overnight. It grows through the right understanding in one person, one family, one community at a time—until the entire world becomes one Universal Human Family.
Definitions
Define the Universal Human Order. Answer:
The Universal Human Order is a vision of a world where every person lives with happiness, prosperity, trust, and harmony, beginning from the family and extending to society and the entire world.
What is the role of the family in the Universal Human Order? Answer:
The family serves as the foundation for developing right understanding, nurturing values, and ensuring prosperity and harmony. It is the starting point for building a peaceful society.
What is meant by Family Cluster Order? Answer:
The Family Cluster Order refers to a group of families that cooperate to meet shared needs like education, healthcare, and infrastructure—tasks that cannot be managed by a single family alone.
Explain ‘Right Understanding’ in simple terms. Answer:
Right understanding means knowing the purpose of life, the importance of relationships, and living in harmony with others and nature.
What are the natural outcomes of right understanding? Answer:
The natural outcomes are happiness, prosperity, sustainability, and trustful coexistence in society.
What is meant by Prosperity? Answer:
Prosperity means having enough physical resources for every family’s needs and using them responsibly for mutual well-being.
Define Coexistence. Answer:
Coexistence is living in harmony with nature and all human beings, recognizing interdependence and mutual fulfilment.
What is Justice in relationships? Answer:
Justice means recognizing, fulfilling, and evaluating human relationships so that mutual happiness and trust are ensured.
What is the final goal of the Universal Human Order? Answer:
The final goal is to create a happy, fearless, and undivided world family based on understanding, cooperation, and respect for all.
List any two ways you can contribute personally to the Universal Human Order. Answer:
By developing right understanding and harmony within my family.
By engaging in productive and ethical work that benefits other
Fill in the Blanks
The vision for the Universal Human Order emphasizes a world where all individuals live with __________, __________, and __________. Answer: happiness, prosperity, and mutual harmony
The smallest and most basic unit of the Universal Human Order is the __________. Answer: family
A __________ is a system where responsible individuals live together to develop right understanding and right feelings. Answer: family order
The family teaches us values such as __________, __________, and __________. Answer: trust, respect, and affection
A single family can ensure happiness and prosperity within its own unit, but larger goals like education or healthcare require the cooperation of __________. Answer: multiple families
The expansion of harmony moves from family to __________, to __________, to nation, and finally to the world family. Answer: family cluster / village, society
When right understanding becomes a way of life, the natural outcomes are __________, __________, __________, and __________. Answer: happiness, prosperity, sustainability, trust and coexistence
Happiness arises through right __________ and right __________ in the self. Answer: understanding, feelings
Prosperity is achieved through __________-based physical facility supported by understanding. Answer: need
Sustainable living begins in the __________ and extends to __________. Answer: family, society
A society isn’t just governments,
policies, or infrastructure — it’s a living system made of families.
Each family acts as a mini-society where love, respect, care, and
justice are first learned.
If families live with understanding and right feelings, these values naturally
extend outward — to neighborhoods, workplaces, and nations.
In short:
Harmony in one family → peace in a community → justice in a nation →
sustainability in the world.
Four Human Goals
Every human being, regardless of culture or profession,
seeks these four universal goals:
Human Goal
Meaning
In Simple Terms
Engineering / Modern Example
Happiness (Right
Understanding & Feelings)
Inner peace through understanding and empathy.
Emotional and mental well-being — knowing what truly
matters.
A student who finds joy in problem-solving and teamwork,
not just grades.
Prosperity (Physical Needs)
Having enough resources for oneself and others.
Wealth that serves, not controls.
Designing sustainable systems that reduce waste.
Fearlessness (Trust in
Society)
Living without fear, because relationships are based on
trust.
Safety — physical, emotional, and social.
A workplace where ideas can be shared freely without
judgment.
Co-existence (Harmony with
Nature)
Understanding interdependence with all living and
non-living entities.
“We live with nature, not over it.”
Engineers developing green technology or renewable energy.
All four goals are
interconnected.
Without happiness, prosperity feels empty.
Without trust, happiness cannot last.
Without co-existence, everything collapses.
Listen this video it covers all the aspects
Source- You Tube
Five Living Systems that Support
Harmony
These systems keep a society functional and humane —
just like the organs of a living body.
System
Purpose
How It Works When Harmonious
What Goes Wrong Today
1. Education – Sanskar
Builds right understanding and moral values.
Education helps people discover purpose and empathy, not
just career paths.
Focus only on marks or profit, ignoring ethics and
self-awareness.
2. Health – Self-Regulation
Promotes balance between body and mind.
People take care of their bodies responsibly, living with
discipline.
Overwork, stress, pollution, and poor lifestyle choices.
3. Production – Work
Creates material goods responsibly.
Production aligns with real needs and sustainability
(eco-friendly design).
Overproduction, exploitation, and pollution for profit.
4. Justice – Preservation
Builds trust and ensures fairness.
People respect rights, resolve conflicts through dialogue.
Legal systems without moral foundations; corruption.
5. Exchange – Storage
Manages distribution and sharing of resources.
Sharing based on need, not greed.
Hoarding, black marketing, and economic inequality.
When these five systems function with values, society
thrives in both spirit and structure.
What’s Going Wrong Today
Modern society often mistakes comfort for contentment
and competition for progress.
Education
produces employees, not empathetic thinkers.
Health
is commercialized, not cultivated.
Production
focuses on quantity, not sustainability.
Justice
is feared, not trusted.
Exchange
is driven by greed, not fairness.
Source- You Tube
The result?
Prosperity without happiness, progress without peace, and growth without
balance.
What a Harmonious Society Looks Like
Aspect
In a Disharmonious Society
In a Harmonious Society
Relationships
Competition, distrust, isolation
Trust, empathy, and cooperation
Education
Marks-driven, stress-oriented
Purpose-driven, value-based
Work
Self-centered, exploitative
Creative, meaningful, and sustainable
Nature
Exploited for profit
Protected and respected as part of coexistence
Economy
Hoarding and greed
Sharing and ethical distribution
Harmony doesn’t come from laws or power — it emerges when
people live consciously and cooperatively.
Shifting from Greed to Need
The modern world measures prosperity in possessions:
Bigger house, faster car, newer phone.
But real prosperity means having enough and ensuring
others do too.
It’s not about owning more; it’s about needing less and sharing more.
This mindset shift — from competition to cooperation — is the key to
lasting happiness.
When Systems Align, Harmony Becomes an Experience
When:
Education
shapes good character,
Health
sustains balance,
Production
respects people and nature,
Justice
nurtures fairness, and
Exchange
promotes sharing —
Then harmony stops being a dream; it becomes a lived
reality.
True or False
Statement
Answer
1. Harmony in families has no effect on society.
F
2. Real prosperity means satisfying greed and collecting more wealth.
F
3. Health as a living system promotes balance between body and mind.
T
4. Justice is the foundation of trust and fairness in relationships.
T
5. Production should be profit-driven, not need-driven.
F
6. Happiness without right understanding is incomplete.
T
7. In a harmonious society, education is stress-oriented and marks-driven.
F
8. Co-existence emphasizes living over nature.
F
9. Fearlessness means freedom from fear due to mutual trust.
T
10. Harmony becomes an experience when all systems work with values. T
Fill in the Blanks
1. Society is a web of ________, not just governments or institutions.
2. Harmony in one family leads to peace in a ________.
3. The four human goals are Happiness, Prosperity, Fearlessness, and ________.
4. Happiness comes through right ________ and feelings.
5. Prosperity means having enough for everyone’s ________.
6. Fearlessness is built when there is ________ in relationships.
7. Co-existence means living in balance with ________.
8. Education as a living system helps build ________ and moral values.
9. Production aligns with real needs and focuses on ________ design.
What really holds people together — shared blood, shared home, or shared values?
Let’s be honest — a great Wi-Fi signal may connect your phone, but only human values can connect hearts.
True relationships don’t survive on convenience; they thrive on commitment, understanding, and values. These values form the invisible glue that binds families, friendships, and societies together.
Let’s explore the eight timeless values that make human relationships not only possible but meaningful:
(Source of image generation- Chat GPT)
1. Affection – The Warmth of Belonging
Affection is that simple, unspoken feeling of “you are mine, and I am yours.” It’s what turns a house into a home and strangers into friends. Affection arises when we accept others as they are, without measuring their worth by achievements or flaws.
When affection fades, relationships turn mechanical. When it thrives, it becomes the fuel for empathy and understanding.
Example: A parent staying up all night for their child’s exam anxiety — not out of duty, but affection.
2. Care – The Art of Paying Attention
Care is affection in action. It’s about looking after someone’s physical and emotional well-being, ensuring comfort, safety, and dignity.
When care becomes genuine, it transforms responsibility from a burden into joy.
Example: A friend checking in regularly when you’re sick — not because they have to, but because they care.
Without care, love turns hollow. With it, every small gesture carries emotional depth.
3. Guidance – The Light of Understanding
Guidance is the willingness to share clarity, experience, and wisdom — without control or ego. True guidance doesn’t impose; it proposes. It listens, reasons, and respects individuality.
Example: A teacher who encourages you to think critically rather than copy notes — that’s guidance in action.
4. Reverence – Respect for Excellence
Reverence is more than admiration; it’s respect for those who embody understanding and harmony. We revere people who live by what they preach — who radiate peace, integrity, and purpose.
Example: A grandparent whose calmness and wisdom inspire everyone around — you may not agree with everything, but you can’t help admiring their inner steadiness.
5. Glory – Celebrating Effort, Not Perfection
Glory is the appreciation we feel for people sincerely striving toward excellence. It’s about valuing progress, not just success.
We often glorify wealth or fame, but real glory belongs to those improving themselves and uplifting others.
Example: A classmate who keeps working hard despite setbacks — that’s someone worthy of glory.
6. Gratitude – The Grace of Thankfulness
Gratitude makes us aware of how much others contribute to our growth. It’s saying “thank you” not as a formality, but from genuine realization.
It keeps arrogance away and turns entitlement into appreciation. Gratitude, when practiced daily, shifts our focus from what’s missing to what’s meaningful.
Example: Thanking your parents or mentors — not for material things, but for their constant emotional and moral support.
7. Love – The Complete Value
Love integrates all other values. It’s not infatuation or dependency — it’s unconditional acceptance. Love expands from personal affection to universal compassion.
To “stand in love” means to take responsibility, not to “fall in love” based on impulse.
Example: Choosing to forgive and understand instead of reacting in anger — that’s love in motion.
8. Justice – The Balance of Relationships
Justice ensures fairness, recognition, and mutual happiness in relationships. It’s the ability to see others as equals in purpose and dignity. Justice sustains trust and keeps affection, care, and love from being one-sided.
Example: Respecting everyone’s voice in a family discussion instead of imposing one opinion — that’s real justice.
The Big Picture
When these eight values become part of our everyday choices, relationships stop being transactions — they become transformations.
Affection builds connection. Care protects it. Guidance shapes it. Reverence uplifts it. Glory strengthens it. Gratitude nourishes it. Love completes it. And Justice sustains it.
That’s the secret recipe for harmony — in families, classrooms, offices, or the world at large.
Title: Values that Hold Us Together – The Heart of Human Relationships
Human relationships grow and sustain through core values that make life meaningful.
The chart below shows how each value works, what it means, and how we can live it daily.
Value
Meaning / Core Idea
Role in Relationships
Example from Life
If Missing...
Affection
Warm acceptance of another as one’s own; emotional connection beyond conditions.
Creates emotional safety and belonging; turns relationships into sources of joy.
A parent comforting a child after failure, showing unconditional love.
Coldness, rivalry, emotional distance.
Care
Concern for physical and emotional well-being of others.
Converts responsibility into joy; shows love through action.
Feeding a sick family member or reminding a friend to rest.
Neglect, indifference, strained bonds.
Guidance
Helping others gain right understanding without control or dominance.
Promotes growth, clarity, and self-confidence.
A teacher encouraging independent thinking instead of spoon-feeding answers.
Confusion, dependence, or rebellion.
Reverence
Acceptance and respect for those living with inner harmony and wisdom.
Inspires self-improvement and humility.
Respecting an elder for their calm wisdom and integrity.
Arrogance, loss of learning attitude.
Glory
Appreciation for sincere effort toward excellence.
Motivates others to keep improving; builds positive energy in relationships.
Admiring a peer for honest hard work despite failures.
Jealousy, competition, discouragement.
Gratitude
Feeling thankful for others’ contribution to one’s growth.
Fosters humility, appreciation, and mutual respect.
Thanking parents or mentors for guidance, not just gifts.
Entitlement, ego, taking people for granted.
Love
The complete, unconditional feeling of relatedness to all.
Integrates all values; transforms limited affection into universal compassion.
Forgiving someone who hurt you, choosing understanding over anger.
Possessiveness, insecurity, conditional bonds.
Justice
Recognition, fulfillment, and evaluation of relationships with fairness.
Maintains balance, equality, and mutual happiness.
Respecting every family member’s opinion before deciding.
Bias, conflict, emotional imbalance.
Summary
When these values coexist:
Affection connects hearts.
Care protects.
Guidance enlightens.
Reverence uplifts.
Glory motivates.
Gratitude nourishes.
Love completes.
Justice sustains.
Together, they form the heartbeat of harmony — the true Wi-Fi of human connection.
Source - You Tube
Students solve this questions
Which of the following best defines Affection?
A) Respect for excellence in others
B) Warm acceptance of another person as one’s own
C) Helping others gain right understanding
D) Appreciation for sincere effort
What is the main role of Care in relationships?
A) To evaluate others’ competence
B) To express affection through responsibility and concern
C) To seek perfection in others
D) To gain appreciation
Which value turns responsibility into joy and duty into delight?
A) Guidance
B) Care
C) Glory
D) Reverence
Guidance in relationships is mainly about:
A) Imposing one’s ideas on others
B) Correcting mistakes through punishment
C) Supporting right understanding and decision-making
D) Demanding obedience
The statement “Respecting an elder for their calm wisdom and integrity” reflects which value?
A) Reverence
B) Glory
C) Gratitude
D) Justice
Glory means:
A) Praising people for their wealth
B) Celebrating sincere effort and commitment to improvement
C) Expecting perfection from others
D) Ignoring small achievements
When you feel thankful for what others have done for your growth, you are expressing:
A) Love
B) Gratitude
C) Affection
D) Justice
